Dialogic Distributed Signaling Interface (DSI) Protocol Stacks enable developers to build applications to interface directly to nodes within 2G and 3G mobile networks and wireline networks in areas such as mobility, messaging, location, authentication, charging, and call control.DSI Protocol Stacks enable developers to create applications including prepaid calling, short message service (SMS), location based services (LBS), Intelligent Network (IN), and many others. The Protocol Stacks have been deployed throughout the world, providing signaling in various networks, as well as connections to many switch types. This facilitates the deployment and the portability of value-added services (VAS) in circuit-switched (PSTN) and 2G/3G mobile networks worldwide.